Caffeine, is a naturally produced medicine from the seeds and leaves of many plants. It is also produced unnaturally to add to certain foods. Caffeine is termed as a medicine because it arouses the central nervous system, causing enhanced alertness. Caffeine gives most people a short-term energy boost and bump up mood. Caffeine is present in tea, many soft drinks, coffee, chocolate, and pain relievers and other over-the-counter medicines. Caffeine tastes very bitter in its natural form. However, most caffeinated drinks undergo processing to cover-up the bitter taste. You may feel caffeine’s effects for up to 6 hours though it is not stored in the body.

Cellulose is the structural component of the primary cell wall of green plants, many forms of algae and the oomycetes. Cellulose is not digestible by humans and is often referred to as 'dietary fiber' or 'roughage', acting as a hydrophilic bulking agent for feces.

Dextrin is a low-molecular-weight carbohydrate produced by the hydrolysis of starch. Dextrins find widespread use due to their non-toxicity and their low price. They are used as water-soluble glues, as thickening agents in food processing, and as binding agent in pharmaceuticals.

Dextrose is one of the most important sources of energy for the human body. Also known as glucose, it is the main sugar manufactured by the body. This fast acting carbohydrate spikes the level of insulin to a great extent and shuttles creatine molecules in place where it should be. Dextrose is also preferred for restoring the level of muscle glycogen. Moderately sweet, Dextrose occurs in food naturally. Usually found in a powdery form, you can mix it with protein to make a healthy shake. It will not only help you get the required insulin spike but also give your muscles the energy they lost during a strenuous exercise regime. When mixing with protein you can keep the ratio of 2:1. If your weight is anywhere between 75-80 kilograms, don’t consume more than 50 grams of dextrose

Di-Calcium Phosphate is a calcium supplement. Taking di-calcium phosphate can prevent osteorporosis. Although calcium is found in all dairy products like cottage cheese, cheese and yoghurt, milk etc. it is not sufficient to sustain the bones throughout our life beacuse calcium is essential for other things too; like for regulating blood pressure, skeletal maintainance, stimulation of hormone secretion and for controlling the heart beat. Calcium needs to be replenished continously as it gets flushed out from our body due to perspiration and toilet use. Di-calcium phosphate is available in the form of chewable tablets, tablets and in liquid form as well. It is also available in combination with minerals and vitamins. On an average an adult requires 1000 mg to 1200 mg of calcium everyday.

Lecithin is needed by every cell in the body and is a key building block of cell membranes; without it, they would harden. Lecithin protects cells from oxidation and largely comprises the protective sheaths surrounding the brain. It is composed mostly of B vitamins, phosphoric acid, choline, linoleic acid and inositol. Although it is a fatty substance, it is also a fat emulsifier.

Magnesium is a mineral that may be found inside most of the cells in the body tissues and organs. It is important in the absorption of calcium and aids in the formation and development of bones and teeth. Magnesium deficient individuals have an increased risk of acquiring osteoporosis; they also have problematic menstrual cycle such as premenstrual syndrome, irregular cycle and dysmenorrhoea. Magnesium helps in maintaining the cardiovascular health and decreases the risk of heart problems. It also prevents gallstones from forming. Magnesium is useful in the treatment of high blood pressure. It is also helpful in treating erectile dysfunction and prostate problems.

Magnesium Stearate is coommonly used as a filling agent in the manufacture of capsules and tablets, such as vitamins, the source of this ingredient is typically bovine. However, there is an increasing number of vegetarian options in which the product specifically indicates it contains magnesium stearate from vegetable sources.

Maltodextrin is a form of glucose that is found in many foods as an additive. It is easy to digest and is almost flavorless. Maltodextrin is formed mainly from starchy products, such as corn and wheat. The starch in these foods is being used to produce maltodextrin through a process called hydrolisys. Maltodextrin is presently being used as an alternative to sugar because it has the ability to produce a sweet flavoring without as many calories. Although considered a carbohydrate, it has lower levels of properties as compared to carbohydrates, thus keeping the consumer free from worry about health issues. Maltodextrin is an effective and inexpensive way to get the required flavoring you desire in your favorite foods, without having to worry about your health.

Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose, also known as cellulose gum, is a food additive that is is commonly used in dairy based foods and deserts. It may also be used as an bulking agent, emulsifier. stabilizer and/or a thickener.

Sodium Citrate is a salt associated with critic acid. It occurs naturally in a variety of foods, including many fruits. It is also an intermediate product of aerobic metabolism in the human body. When consumed in food or produced in the body, sodium citrate quickly degrades into sodium bicarbonate, which functions as an acid buffer. Some studies suggest that taking sodium citrate as a dietary supplement before high-intensity exercise delays fatigue by increasing the availability of sodium bicarbonate in the muscles.

Stearic Acid is a saturated fatty acid that occurs in many animal and vegetable fats and oils. Stearic acid is useful as an ingredient in making candles, soaps, plastics, oil pastels and cosmetics, and for softening rubber. Stearic acid is used to harden soaps, particularly those made with vegetable oil. Even though stearic acid is a saturated fat, studies have suggested that it has little effect on blood cholesterol levels, because such a high proportion is converted to oleic acid.

Synephrine is an ingredient that is obtained mainly from the fruit of a small citrus tree, the Citrus aurantium, also known as bitter orange, zhi shi and sour orange. Synephrine is viewed as the safer version of ephedrine, whereby the properties include weight loss, increased fat burning, raised metabolism, as well as boosted energy levels. With such properties, this drug became instantly popular with the weight loss and control circles, but also with the body building community, and is now used in Metabolife Ultra where fat burning and higher energy level properties are eagerly sought after. Initial research show stimulation of beta-3 receptors, whereby no increased heart rate or blood pressure was observed. It seems that synephrine induces lipolysis and stimulates similarly to caffeine. Some have also observed that synephrine suppresses appetite and increases the metabolic rate.